What's more we will use high encryption encryption suites, adding the lines: require_ssl_reuse=NO We will also get that no need to reuse SSL, because it can cause many FTP clients to not work. To withdraw from your do not allow anonymous connections over SSL, add the lines:Ĭonfigure the server to use TLS, adding: ssl_tlsv1=YES Change the value of ssl_enable to YES: ssl_enable=YES Now we will enable SSL so that only clients that have SSL enabled can connect. Rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/vsftpd.pem Comment both lines and write the following: rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/private/vsftpd.pem When you finish creating the certificate, open the configuration file again: sudo vim /etc/nfĪt the end of the file we must find two lines that start with «rsa«. The flag -days makes the certificate valid for one year and we have included a 2048-bit RSA private key in the same command. Sudo openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/ssl/private/vsftpd.pem -out /etc/ssl/private/vsftpd.pem We must create the SSL certificate and use it to protect the FTP server. We will use TTL / SSL to ensure security. Restart the daemon to load the changes: sudo systemctl restart vsftpd Encrypted connections This will allow the configuration to work with the current user and any other user added later: We are also going to manually add some new values to the end of the file. Inside the file we will find the following entries and uncomment them:Ĭhroot_local_user will not be commented either, with this we guarantee that the connected user only accesses the files within the allowed directory: Since we want users to be able to upload files, we are going to edit vsftpd configuration file: sudo vim /etc/nf If you use a different firewall, check its documentation to open the ports. Run the following to do it: sudo ufw allow 20/tcp sudo ufw allow 21/tcp sudo ufw allow 990/tcp sudo ufw allow 40000:50000/tcp Ports 40000-50000 will be reserved for the range of passive ports that will eventually be set in the configuration file and port 990 will be used when TLS is enabled. In this step let's open ports 20 and 21 for FTP traffic. Sudo chown nombre-usuario:nombre-usuario /home/nombre-usuario/ftp/filesĪt this point, we will create a test file in the files folder:Įcho "vsftpd archivo de ejemplo" | sudo tee /home/nombre-usuario/ftp/files/ejemplo.txt Securing the FTP server Sudo mkdir /home/nombre-usuario/ftp/files We continue creating file container directory and we will assign the property: Now we remove the write permissions of this folder: sudo chmod a-w /home/nombre-usuario/ftp Sudo chown nobody:nogroup /home/nombre-usuario/ftp We will set the property of the folder with this other command: To begin with we create the FTP folder: sudo mkdir ftp For this example, we are going to create an ftp directory that will act as a chroot, along with a directory of modifiable files. With chroot enabled, a local user is restricted to their home directory ( default). Vsftpd uses chroot cages to achieve this. Ideally, FTP should be restricted to a specific directory for security reasons. Now we are going to set a password:Īfter we are going to move to the newly created user folder: cd /home/nombre-usuario Replaces' username'by your intended username. In the terminal (Ctrl + Alt + T) we will only have to use the command: With this We can use any FTP client to access the files hosted on the server through vsftpd. Sudo systemctl enable vsftpd FTP user account Now let's start service with the command: sudo systemctl start vsftpd If something goes wrong, the default settings can be restored. Once installed, we will start with make a copy of the original configuration file. If you don't have it installed on your computer, can be installed with the command (Ctrl + Alt + T): Install an FTP server in Ubuntu Install vsftpdįor this example, I am going to install an FPT server on my local network on Ubuntu 20.04.
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